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Integer BASIC
Integer BASIC, written by Steve Wozniak, was the BASIC interpreter of the Apple I and original Apple II computers. Originally available on cassette, then included in ROM on the original Apple II computer at release in 1977, it was the first version of BASIC used by many early home computer owners. Thousands of programs were written in Integer BASIC.
==History==
Steve Wozniak first used the BASIC computer language in the late 1960s on a time-sharing computer terminal temporarily installed in his California high school. He read ''BASIC Computer Games'' as a member of the Homebrew Computer Club during the 1970s, and decided that any computer he designed would be able to both play the games in the book and run the logic simulations he worked with at Hewlett-Packard (HP). Wozniak knew that Bill Gates had written Altair BASIC for the Intel 8008 microprocessor, and hoped that he would be the first to write one for the MOS Technology 6502.
Wozniak would later describe his language as "intended primarily for games and educational uses". His only experience with BASIC was the few days with the time-sharing system in high school, and without access to another Wozniak had to write the language—which he called "GAME BASIC"—on paper, hand assembling the language into 6502 machine code. He studied an HP BASIC manual he borrowed from work, not knowing that the syntax of HP's version of the language was very different from DEC BASIC, the language of ''BASIC Computer Games'', and Altair BASIC. To save time, and because games and logic simulations emphasized integer math, Wozniak removed floating-point routines from GAME BASIC. Without any training on how to write a computer language, he used his HP experience to implement a stack machine to interpret expressions.
Wozniak had previously developed ''Breakout'' for Atari in hardware. He hoped to implement the game in his BASIC, so while designing the Apple II computer Wozniak added support for color graphics, game paddles, and sound to it and to his language, now named Integer BASIC. As the language needed 4K RAM, he made that the minimum memory for the Apple II. While demonstrating the computer and ''Little Brick Out'' to Steve Jobs Wozniak quickly changed the colors his game used by altering the source code. Besides proving that software was much more flexible than hardware, they both realized that now anyone could create arcade games without having to design it in hardware. Wozniak demonstrated the game at a meeting of the Homebrew Computer Club. He later described it as "the most satisfying day of my life ... It seemed like a huge step to me. After designing hardware arcade games, I knew that being able to program them in BASIC was going to change the world".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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